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PRINCIPLE
The glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT), actually AST, catalyzes the reaction between L-aspartic acid and α-ketoglutaric acid. The oxalacetic acid formed is reduced by NADH with the aid of the auxiliary enzyme MDH.
The change of NADH to NAD+ produces a change of Abs. The reaction media contains, also, LDH to remove endogenous pyruvate to avoid possible interferences. In optimum reaction conditions the ΔAbs/min is directly related to GOT concentration in the sample.
DIAGNOSTIC USE
Increments in GOT activity are observed in cases of liver damage: hepatitis of various types, necrosis or damage in hepatocytes, cholestatic icteria.
High levels are also seen in heart muscle diseases. In alcoholic hepatitis and acute myocardial infarction, the increase of GOT activity is greater than that of GPT.
Single test result can not be used to make a clinical diagnosis. It should integrate clinical and laboratory data.